网架支座是依据中华人民共和国交通行业标准《球形支座技术条件（GB/T17955-2009）及建筑抗震设计规范（GB50011-2001）钢结构设计规范（GB50017-2003），经详细的静力学、动力学分析研制而成的新型抗震减振钢支座。抗震减振支座结构更加合理，性能更加可靠，使用寿命更长。
Rack bearing is based on technical support conditions of People's Republic of China traffic industry standard "spherical (GB/T17955-2009) and the code for seismic design of buildings (GB50011-2001) code for design of steel structures (GB50017-2003), the static and dynamic analysis model of seismic vibration damping steel bearing rotogravuer. The seismic damping bearing structure is more reasonable, the performance is more reliable, and the service life is longer.
网架支座（又名钢结构支座）分为四个类型：GKQZ型钢结构抗震钢球支座、GJQZ型钢结构减震钢球支座、GKGZ型钢结构抗震球型钢支座、GJGZ型钢结构减震球型钢支座。
Rack bearing (aka steel bearing) is divided into four types: GKQZ type steel structure seismic steel ball bearing, ball bearing type GJQZ damping steel structure and GKGZ type seismic steel structure steel ball bearings, GJGZ type damping steel structure steel ball bearing.
该支座包括固定支座（代码为GD）、单向支座（代号为DX）、双向支座（代号为SX）三种型式，22个等级，其水平承载力、竖直方向拔力及支座的整体强度均比普通支座有大幅度提高。该系列支座采用弹性减振元件，当水平力大到一定程度后，减振弹簧开始发生弹性变形实现缓冲作用。当结构发生转角时，球芯产生转动，释放上部结构产生的转矩。地震时，刚性抗震措施和柔性减振措施同时发生作用，以抵御巨大的地震输入能量，这样既能保证桥梁上、下结构合理相对位移，减小地震力的放大系数，又使结构保持统一性。该支座可抵御8-11度地震，对高烈度地震区尤其直下型地震区的工程结构有良好的抗震减振作用。
The bearing comprises a fixed support (code GD), one-way bearings (codenamed DX), bidirectional support (codenamed SX) three types, 22 grades, bearing capacity, the level of the overall strength of vertical pulling force and bearing are better than ordinary bearing has greatly improved. The series of supports adopt elastic damping element. When the horizontal force is large to a certain extent, the damping spring begins to deform elastically to achieve the buffering effect. When the structure rotates, the ball core rotates to release the torque generated by the upper structure. When the earthquake, the rigid and flexible measures to reduce seismic measures happen at the same time, in order to resist the earthquake input energy is huge, so as to ensure the bridge, reasonable structure displacement amplification coefficient decreases with the force of the earthquake, and the structure of unity. The support can withstand 8-11 degree earthquake, and has good seismic and vibration reduction effect on the engineering structure in high intensity earthquake area, especially in the lower earthquake zone.
钢结构支座的主要技术性能
Main technical performance of steel structure support
1、可承受竖向载荷；
1 、 can withstand vertical load;
2、具有抗竖向拉力的性能，保证竖向地震时上下结构不脱节；
2, the performance of resistance to vertical tensile, vertical and vertical structures to ensure that the earthquake is not out of line;
3、具有抗水平力的性能，保证水平地震时结构不脱落；
3, with the ability to resist horizontal force, to ensure that the structure does not fall in the horizontal earthquake;
4、可适应径向、环向的位移要求；
4. It can meet the requirements of radial and circumferential displacement;
5、可适应任意方向的转角要求；
5. It can be used in any direction;
6、减震支座具有良好的减震性能；
6 、 shock absorption bearing has good shock absorption performance;
7、支座通过球面传力，不出现力的缩颈现象，作用在上、下结构的反力比较均匀；
7, support through spherical transmission, no force necking phenomenon, the role in the upper and lower structure of the reaction force is more uniform;
8、支座不用橡胶承压，不存在橡胶老化对支座的影响，使用寿命长。
8, bearings without rubber pressure, there is no rubber aging on the impact of bearings, long service life.
钢结构支座技术参数
Technical parameters of steel structure support
1、支座竖向承载力分为300KN、500KN、1000KN、1500KN、2000KN、2500KN、3000KN、4000KN、5000KN、6000KN、7000KN、8000KN、9000KN、10000KN十四个级别
1, the vertical bearing capacity of the bearing is divided into 300KN, 500KN, 1000KN, 1500KN, 2000KN, 2500KN, 3000KN, 4000KN, 5000KN, 6000KN,, 7000KN, 8000KN, 9000KN, 10000KN fourteen levels
2、支座的抗水平力为竖向承载力的20%
2. The horizontal resistance of the support is 20% of the vertical bearing capacity
3、支座抗竖向拉力：GKQZ型、GJQZ型抗竖向拉力为竖向承载力的20%；GKGZ型、GJGZ型抗竖向拉力为竖向承载力的30%
3, support vertical tensile force: GKQZ and GJQZ, vertical tensile resistance for the vertical bearing capacity of 20%; GKGZ and GJGZ type vertical tensile resistance is 30% of the vertical bearing capacity
4、设计转角为0.08rad（可根据用户要求另行设计）
4, the design angle is 0.08rad (can be designed separately according to the user's requirement)
5、支座的径向位移量±20mm-±50mm，环向位移量±60mm-±100mm；
5. The radial displacement of the support is + 20mm- + 50mm, and the displacement of the ring is + 60mm- + 100mm;
6、支座滑动摩擦系数μ≤0.03（-25℃-+60℃）；
6, bearing sliding friction coefficient is less than 0.03 (-25 -+60 OC);
7、支座转动摩擦系数μ=0.05-0.1（GKQZ型、GJQZ型）μ≤0.03（GKGZ型、GJGZ型）
7, bearing rotating friction coefficient of =0.05-0.1 (GKQZ and GJQZ) was less than 0.03 (GKGZ and GJGZ)
钢结构支座特点
Characteristics of steel structure support
①抗震球型钢支座可万向转动、万向承载，能很好地满足上部结构各种荷载所产生的反力的传递、转动、移动要求，保证反力合力集中、明确、安全可靠。
The earthquake resistant steel ball bearing can rotate, universal universal bearing, can satisfy the various loads of upper structure generated by the force transmission, rotating and moving requirements, to ensure that anti force concentrated and clear, safe and reliable.
②抗震球型钢支座可承受拉、压、剪（横向）力，在巨大的随机地震力作用下，只要上、下结构本身不破坏，就不会发生落梁、落架等灾难性后果，故特别适用于高烈度地震区的设防，具备能抗地震烈度9度的能力。
The earthquake resistant steel ball bearing can withstand tension, compression and shear (transverse) force in the random seismic force huge, as long as the upper and lower structure is not destroyed, will not happen, fall off the beam frame and other disastrous consequences, which is especially suitable for the area with high seismic intensity have the ability to fortify, 9 degrees of anti earthquake intensity.
③抗震球型钢支座的静刚度大，在列车及大型汽车巨大自重及惯性力作用力下，支座仅产生极小变形，能可靠地保证汽车、列车高速运行时的平顺性。
The static stiffness of the shock resistant spherical steel bearing is very large. Under the enormous self weight and inertial force of the train and large automobile, the bearing only produces minimal deformation, which can reliably guarantee the ride comfort of the car and train at high speed.
④抗震球型钢支座通过球面传力，受力面积大，并采用多种材料的优化组合，其体积和高度均大大减少，重量轻，便于安装，并与同承载力的钢支座相比造价较低。
The seismic type of steel ball bearing by the spherical force, the force area, and the optimal combination of various materials, the volume and height were significantly reduced, light weight, convenient installation, and steel bearing capacity compared with low cost.
⑤抗震球型钢支座适用温度范围大(-40℃～+70℃)，耐久性能好，不采用橡胶承压，不存在橡胶老化对支座转动性能的影响。
The anti shock ball shaped steel support is suitable for a wide temperature range (-40 to +70 DEG C), and has good durability, and does not use rubber to bear pressure. There is no influence of rubber aging on the rotation performance of the bearing.
钢结构支座适用范围
Applicable range of steel structure support
抗震球型钢支座适用于宽桥、曲线桥、斜拉桥、坡道桥、大跨空间结构等工程，尤其在地震高烈度区更为适用。
Anti seismic spherical steel supports are suitable for wide bridges, Qu Xianqiao and cable-stayed bridges, ramp bridges and long-span spatial structures, especially in high earthquake intensity areas.
钢结构支座选用时应注意的事项
Matters needing attention in selection of steel structure support
1、选用支座时应注意承载力的大小、竖向拉力的大小、水平力的大小，并注意位移量和转角，对于减震支座还应注意水平弹性刚度。
1, the selection of bearings, should pay attention to the size of the bearing capacity, vertical tensile force, the size of horizontal force, and pay attention to displacement and corner, for the shock absorber should also pay attention to the level of elastic stiffness.
2、选用支座时应注意支座的类型，即双向活动型、单向活动型、固定型。
2, the use of bearings should pay attention to the type of bearings, namely, two-way, one-way, movable type, fixed type.
3、减震支座的约束方向都给以位移和刚度，是为了工程减震的需要。
3 、 the restraint direction of the shock absorbing bearing is both displacement and rigidity, which is the need of Engineering shock absorption.
